Author：Alan ChenDate：2024-2-1
With the development of sodium-ion battery industrialization and the global trend of carbon neutrality, sodium batteries are regarded as the most promising new energy storage batteries, and the industry is facing a historical opportunity for rapid development. In the next few years, the cost of sodium-ion batteries will be close to or even lower than the cost of lead-acid batteries. Therefore, in the entire new energy battery market in the future, sodium-ion batteries will be used in electric vehicles, two-wheelers, low-speed vehicles, energy storage, etc. occupy an important market share. In terms of energy storage materials, from lead-acid to lithium batteries to sodium batteries, energy storage materials will be further diversified. In terms of application scenarios, the emergence of new materials such as sodium batteries has further broadened energy storage application scenarios.
In addition, Tang Kun, executive chairman of Zhongke Haina, mentioned in his speech that although lithium batteries are good, their rapid development has caused drastic fluctuations in lithium resources and lithium prices. In addition, lithium batteries are completely resource-constrained, which is a big risk point, and new technologies such as sodium-ion batteries are urgently needed.
Also on January 11, Suzhou Huachu Electric Technology Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Xinhuadu Special Electric Co., Ltd., released the industry's first 100kW/200kWh sodium battery energy storage system in Suzhou, Jiangsu, which has high safety and full discharge performance. Excellent low temperature characteristics.
Based on the above speech content and new product release, it is undoubtedly releasing a signal of "accelerating the development of sodium electricity"!
Advantages of sodium-ion batteries
Under the background of dual-carbon, new energy storage is developing in the direction of high energy density, long life, high safety, and low cost. Sodium-ion batteries are also popular in the market because they have many advantages and can highly meet the needs of energy storage scenarios. Attention and expectation.
1. Low cost and stable price. The reserves of sodium in the earth's crust are about 2.36%, which is more than 400 times that of lithium. It is considered an extremely abundant metal and is widely distributed. At the same time, the sodium-ion battery cathode does not require the use of rare precious metals such as cobalt, nickel, etc., and the preparation is relatively simple, further reducing manufacturing costs and dependence on resources. In addition, since sodium-ion batteries have similar working principles and structures to lithium-ion batteries, existing lithium-ion battery production lines can be used for production, which can also save part of the equipment investment.
2. Good low-temperature performance, and the low-temperature capacity retention rate is higher than that of lithium iron phosphate batteries. Compared with common lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries have better performance at low temperatures. Since some materials with more stable physical properties are used in the electrolyte and electrode materials of sodium-ion batteries, they have excellent performance in extremely low-temperature environments. In addition, its battery capacity retention rate at low temperatures is higher than that of lithium iron phosphate batteries in the same environment. Simply put, it means that it will not "power down" as quickly as lithium iron phosphate batteries.
3. It has good safety performance and is not prone to thermal runaway under extreme conditions. The reason for the higher safety of sodium-ion batteries is that sodium-ion batteries have higher internal resistance, generate less heat and lower temperature rise during short circuit, and are less prone to thermal runaway. At the same time, it also shows very high stability in tests such as overcharge, over-discharge, short circuit, acupuncture, and extrusion. In addition, sodium-ion batteries can also be transported at 0V, which greatly reduces the risks during transportation. In contrast, there are many accidents involving models equipped with ternary lithium batteries that spontaneously ignite during collisions.
4. Fast charging. In terms of fast charging capabilities, the charging time of sodium-ion batteries is faster. Taking the first-generation sodium-ion battery of CATL as an example, the battery can reach more than 80% after charging for 15 minutes at room temperature. In comparison, currently mass-produced ternary lithium batteries usually take 30 minutes to charge from 20% to 80% even with the support of DC fast charging, while lithium iron phosphate takes about 45 minutes. Therefore, sodium-ion batteries also have obvious advantages in terms of energy replenishment efficiency.
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